Ni Oṣu Kẹjọ Ọjọ 24, Japan ṣii idasilẹ ti omi idọti ti a ti doti nipasẹ ijamba iparun Fukushima sinu Okun Pasifiki.Lọwọlọwọ, ti o da lori data ti gbogbo eniyan ti TEPCO ni Oṣu Karun ọdun 2023, omi idoti ti a pese sile lati tu silẹ ni akọkọ ninu: iṣẹ ṣiṣe ti H-3 jẹ nipa 1.4 x10⁵Bq / L;aṣayan iṣẹ-ṣiṣe ti C-14 jẹ 14 Bq / L;I-129 jẹ 2 Bq / L;iṣẹ-ṣiṣe ti Co-60, Sr-90, Y-90, Tc-99, Sb-125, Te-125m ati Cs-137 jẹ 0.1-1 Bq / L. Ni idi eyi, a ṣe idojukọ kii ṣe lori tritium nikan ni omi egbin iparun, ṣugbọn tun lori awọn ewu ti o pọju ti awọn radionuclides miiran.TepCO nikan ṣe afihan lapapọ α ati lapapọ β data iṣẹ ipanilara ti omi ti doti, ati pe ko ṣe afihan data ifọkansi ti awọn nuclides ultra-uranium majele pupọ bii Np-237, Pu-239, Pu-240, Am-240, Am- 241, Am-243 ati Cm-242, eyiti o tun jẹ ọkan ninu awọn ewu aabo pataki fun idasilẹ ti omi ti a doti iparun sinu okun.
Idoti itọka ayika jẹ idoti ti o farapamọ, ni kete ti iṣelọpọ yoo ni ipa buburu lori awọn olugbe agbegbe.Ni afikun, ti isedale tabi media gbigbe ni ayika orisun ipanilara jẹ ti doti nipasẹ radionuclide, o le tan kaakiri lati ipele kekere si ipele giga nipasẹ pq ounje ati imudara nigbagbogbo ninu ilana gbigbe.Ni kete ti awọn idoti ipanilara wọnyi ba wọ inu ara eniyan nipasẹ ounjẹ, wọn le kojọpọ ninu ara eniyan, eyiti o le ni ipa lori ilera eniyan.
Lati dinku tabi yago fun ipalara ti ifihan itankalẹ si gbogbo eniyan ati daabobo ilera gbogbogbo si iye ti o pọ julọ, “Awọn iṣedede Aabo Ipilẹ Kariaye fun Idaabobo Radiation ati Aabo Orisun Radiation” n ṣalaye pe awọn alaṣẹ to peye ṣe agbekalẹ ipele itọkasi fun radionuclides ninu ounjẹ. .
Ni Ilu China, a ti ṣe agbekalẹ awọn iṣedede ti o yẹ fun wiwa ọpọlọpọ awọn radionuclids ti o wọpọ.Awọn iṣedede fun wiwa awọn nkan ipanilara ninu ounjẹ pẹlu GB 14883.1 ~ 10- -2016 “Iwọn Orilẹ-ede fun Aabo Ounje: Ipinnu ti awọn nkan ipanilara ni Ounjẹ” ati GB 8538- -
2022 "Ipele ti Orilẹ-ede fun Mimu Aabo Ounjẹ Mimu Ohun alumọni Adayeba", GB / T 5750.13- -2006 "Atọka Radioactive fun Awọn ọna Ayẹwo Standard fun Omi Mimu", SN / T 4889- -2017 "Ipinnu ti γ Radionuclide ni okeere Ounjẹ Iyọ-giga ", WS / T 234- -2002 "Iwọn Awọn nkan ipanilara ni Ounjẹ-241", ati bẹbẹ lọ
Awọn ọna wiwa radionuclide ati ohun elo wiwọn ni ounjẹ ti o wọpọ ni awọn iṣedede jẹ atẹle yii:
| Ṣe itupalẹ iṣẹ naa | analitikali ẹrọ | Miiran pataki itanna | boṣewa |
| α, β iṣẹ-ṣiṣe ti o pọju | Isalẹ kekere α, β counter | GB / T5750.13- -2006 Atọka ipanilara ti Awọn ọna Idanwo Didara fun Ile ati Omi Mimu | |
| tritium | Low-lẹhin omi scintillation counter | Organotritium-erogba ohun elo igbaradi ayẹwo; Triitium fojusi ẹrọ apejo ninu omi; | GB14883.2-2016 Ipinnu ti Hydrogen-3 Ohun elo ipanilara ninu Ounjẹ, Iwọn Orilẹ-ede fun Aabo Ounje |
| Strontium-89 ati strontium-90 | Isalẹ kekere α, β counter | GB14883.3-2016 Ipinnu ti Strr-89 ati Strr-90 ni Orilẹ-ede fun Aabo Ounje | |
| Adventiti-147 | Isalẹ kekere α, β counter | GB14883.4-2016 Ipinnu Awọn nkan ipanilara ni Ounjẹ-147, Iwọn Orilẹ-ede fun Aabo Ounje | |
| Polonium-210 | spectrometer | Itanna gedegede | GB 14883.5-2016 Ipinnu ti Polonium-210 ni Iwọn Orilẹ-ede fun Aabo Ounje |
| Ọti-226 ati radium-228 | Radon Thorium Oluyanju | GB 14883.6-2016 National Food Abo Standards | |
| Adayeba thorium ati kẹmika | Spectrophotometer, itupale uranium wa kakiri | GB 14883.7-2016 Ipinnu Thorium Adayeba ati Uranium gẹgẹbi Awọn ohun elo ipanilara ni Iwọn Orilẹ-ede fun Aabo Ounje | |
| Plutonium-239, plutonium-24 | spectrometer | Itanna gedegede | GB 14883.8-2016 Ipinnu ti plutonium-239 ati plutonium-240 awọn nkan ipanilara ni Standard National fun Aabo Ounje |
| Oodine-131 | Germanium mimọ to gaju γ spectrometer | GB 14883.9-2016 Ipinnu ti Iodine-131 ni Ounje, Iwọn Orilẹ-ede fun Aabo Ounje |
ọja iṣeduro
ohun elo wiwọn
Kekere-lẹhin αβ counter
Brand: ẹrọ ekuro
Nọmba awoṣe: RJ 41-4F
Profaili ọja:
Iru isale kekere α, ohun elo wiwọn β jẹ akọkọ ti a lo fun awọn ayẹwo ayika, aabo itankalẹ, oogun ati ilera, imọ-jinlẹ ogbin, agbewọle ati okeere ayewo ọja, iṣawari ti ẹkọ-aye, ọgbin agbara iparun ati awọn aaye miiran ninu omi, awọn ayẹwo ti ibi, aerosol, ounjẹ , oogun, ile, apata ati awọn media miiran ni apapọ α lapapọ β wiwọn.
Idabobo asiwaju ti o nipọn ninu yara wiwọn ṣe idaniloju ipilẹ kekere pupọ, ṣiṣe wiwa giga fun awọn ayẹwo iṣẹ ipanilara kekere, ati awọn ikanni 2,4,6,8,10 le ṣe adani.
Germanium mimọ-giga γ spectrometer agbara
Brand: ẹrọ ekuro
Nọmba awoṣe: RJ 46
Profaili ọja:
RJ 46 oni-nọmba giga ti nw germanium kekere isale spectrometer ni akọkọ pẹlu titun ga ti nw germanium kekere isale spectrometer.Awọn spectrometer nlo ipo kika iṣẹlẹ patiku lati gba agbara (iwọn titobi) ati alaye akoko ti ifihan agbara ti aṣawari HPGe ati tọju rẹ.
spectrometer
Brand: ẹrọ ekuro
Nọmba awoṣe: RJ 49
Profaili ọja:
Imọ-ẹrọ wiwọn spectroscopy agbara Alpha ati awọn ohun elo ti ni lilo pupọ ni agbegbe ati igbelewọn ilera (gẹgẹbi wiwọn aerosol thorium, ayewo ounjẹ, ilera eniyan, bbl), iṣawari awọn orisun (uranium, epo, gaasi adayeba, ati bẹbẹ lọ) ati eto ẹkọ-aye. iwakiri (gẹgẹ bi awọn orisun omi inu ile, ipadanu ilẹ-aye) ati awọn aaye miiran.
RJ 494-ikanni Alpha spectrometer jẹ ohun elo semikondokito PIPS ni ominira ni idagbasoke nipasẹ Shanghai Renji Instrument Co., Ltd. Awọn spectrometer ni awọn ikanni α mẹrin, ọkọọkan eyiti o le ṣe iwọn nigbakanna, eyiti o le dinku idiyele akoko ti idanwo naa ati yarayara gba esiperimenta.
Low-lẹhin omi scintillation counter
Brand:HIDEX
Nọmba awoṣe: 300SL-L
Profaili ọja:
counter scintillation Liquid jẹ iru awọn ohun elo ifura pupọ julọ ti a lo fun wiwọn deede ti α ipanilara ati β nuclides ninu media olomi, gẹgẹbi tritium ipanilara, carbon-14, iodine-129, strontium-90, ruthenium-106 ati awọn nuclides miiran.
Oluyanju radium omi
Brand: PYLON
Awoṣe: AB7
Profaili ọja:
Atẹle redio Portable Pylon AB7 jẹ iran atẹle ti awọn ohun elo ipele yàrá ti o pese wiwọn iyara ati deede ti akoonu radon.
Miiran pataki itanna
Triitium fojusi ẹrọ apejo ninu omi
Brand: Yi Xing
Nọmba awoṣe: ECTW-1
Profaili ọja:
Ifojusi ti tritium ninu omi okun jẹ kekere diẹ, paapaa ohun elo wiwa ti o dara julọ ko le ṣe iwọn, nitorinaa, awọn ayẹwo pẹlu ipilẹ kekere nilo lati jẹ iṣaaju, iyẹn ni, ọna ifọkansi electrolysis.ECTW-1 tritium electrolytic-odè ti a ṣe nipasẹ ile-iṣẹ wa ni a lo ni akọkọ fun ifọkansi electrolytic ti tritium ni omi ipele kekere, eyiti o le ṣojumọ awọn ayẹwo tritium ni isalẹ opin wiwa ti counter filasi omi titi o fi le ṣe iwọn deede.
Organotritium-erogba ohun elo igbaradi ayẹwo
Brand: Yi Xing
Nọmba awoṣe: OTCS11/3
Profaili ọja:
OTCS11 / 3 Organic tritium erogba iṣapẹẹrẹ ẹrọ nlo ilana ti awọn ayẹwo Organic labẹ isunmọ ifoyina otutu giga ni agbegbe aerobic otutu ti o ga lati ṣe agbejade omi ati erogba oloro, lati mọ iṣelọpọ ti tritium ati erogba-14 ni awọn ayẹwo ti ibi, rọrun fun itọju atẹle, counter scintillation omi lati wiwọn iṣẹ ṣiṣe ti tritium ati erogba-14.
Itanna gedegede
Brand: Yi Xing
awoṣe nọmba: RWD-02
Profaili ọja:
RWD-02 jẹ spectrometer α ti o ni idagbasoke nipasẹ Shanghai Yixing Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. da lori awọn ọdun ti iriri iṣaju iṣaju ayẹwo.O jẹ apẹrẹ fun igbaradi ti awọn ayẹwo itupalẹ spectrum agbara α, ati pe o dara fun oogun iparun ati iwadii isotope radio ati aaye ohun elo.
spectrometer α jẹ ọkan ninu awọn ohun elo pataki ti yàrá itupale itankalẹ ati pe o le ṣe itupalẹ awọn nuclides pẹlu ibajẹ α.Ti o ba ṣe pataki lati gba awọn abajade itupalẹ deede, igbesẹ pataki kan ni lati ṣe awọn ayẹwo.RWD-02 electrodeposition er jẹ rọrun lati ṣiṣẹ, eyi ti o rọrun pupọ ilana ti ṣiṣe ayẹwo, ṣiṣe awọn ayẹwo meji ni akoko kan ati imudarasi ṣiṣe ti igbaradi ayẹwo.
Akoko ifiweranṣẹ: Oṣu Kẹwa-31-2023